Despre Acidul carbonic
Ce este acidul carbonic?
Acidul carbonic este un acid slab, care ia naştere atunci când dioxidul de carbon (CO2) este dizolvat în apă (H2O), rezlultând formula chimică H2CO3. Când acidul se separă sau abandonează un ion de hidrogen, molecula rezultată se numeşte ion carbonat.
Unde se găseşte?
Acidul carbonic apare frecvent în lumea naturală. Poate fi găsit în băuturile acidulate, în şampanie, în sânge, chiar şi în ploaie.
Cum se foloseşte?
În timpul producerii băuturilor acidulate, dioxidul de carbon este dizolvat în apă, astfel creîndu-se acidul carbonic. Acest acid, alături de acidul fosforic şi alţi acizi, oferă gustul puţin acrişor din multe băuturi acidulate. Tot acidul carbonic este cel care dă senzaţia unei „pişcături” slabe pe limbă atunci când ingerăm o băutură acidulată. În concluzie, acidul carbonic este cel care face ca băuturile acidulate să aibă un gust gazos.
Acidul carbonic joacă un rol important în păstrarea echilibrului pH-ului în organism. pH-ul normal al fluidelor din corp este în jur de 7,4 şi trebuie păstrat aproape de acest nivel pentru ca organismul să poată funcţiona la parametri normali. Dacă pH-ul se schimbă, în sus sau în jos, enzimele îşi pot opri funcţionarea, muşchii şi nervii pot începe să slăbească, iar activităţile metabolice sunt afectate. Ionul carbonat eliberat din acidul carbonic are rolul de amortizor, ajutând organismul să reziste schimbărilor din pH. Astfel, poate funcţiona ca acid sau ca bază, în funcţie de necesitate.
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